(breathing exercises):- Prānāyāma consists of developing awareness of one's breathing followed by willful regulation of respiration as the functional or vital basis of one's existence. It helps in developing awareness of one's mind. Pranayam means controlling of breathing. Breathing influences both body and mind. Natural systematic breathing and exhalation is associated with state of mind as well. By controlling the breathing pattern, the state of mind can also be controlled as modified. Pranayama develops the power of concentration, vigor, vitality and clarity of thought. It helps in increasing of mental and physical powers of endurance.
(restraining the sense organs and control of the mind):- Pratyāhara indicates dissociation of one's consciousness (withdrawal) from the sense organs which connect with the external objects.The spear life that lies between the senses and their objects. The state of yoga brings complete self sufficiency to senses so that they are no longer projected outwards and renounce their objects and internalized. By the practice of pratyahara, yogis acquire perfect control over their senses. Yoga here means retirement of the senses from the field of the objects.
(Steadiness of mind or concentration):- Dhārana indicates broad based field of attention (inside the body and mind) which is usually understood as concentration. In this practice the mind is to be concentrated over one object by restraining it from external subjects. Our life lies between the senses and the mind. The state of yoga withdrawals mind from the hold of senses and mind get steadiness.DHYAN: -(Meditation) The practice of dhyāna, which moves one towards self-realisation and leads one to transcendence, is considered the essence of Yoga Sādhana.